Which includes the present-day countries of Brunei, East Timor, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore. 5.2 million), Melbourne (pop. February 21, 2022 by Admin. The smallest Pacific nations rely on trade with Australia, New Zealand and the United States for exporting goods and for accessing other products. By 2000 about 12 million islanders lived in Oceania (excluding Australia), and many indigenous cultures were revolutionized by intensive contact with non-Oceanic groups who had intruded from various parts of the Western world. [12] Puncak Jaya in Highland Papua, Indonesia, is the highest peak in Oceania at 4,884m (16,024ft). [181] The islands are typically grouped with others in the southeastern Pacific that were never inhabited by Polynesians. "[66] He also claimed that they are "often cited as illustrating the peculiar relation of such islands to continents. The Polynesian people are considered to be by linguistic, archaeological and human genetic ancestry a subset of the sea-migrating Austronesian people and tracing Polynesian languages places their prehistoric origins in the Malay Archipelago, and ultimately, in Taiwan. Sir Isaac Isaacs was the first Australian-born Governor General of Australia and was the first Jewish vice-regal representative in the British Empire. Australia and New Zealand collectively contain more than 30 million people, which is nearly three quarters of the entire population of Oceania. [340], Australia and New Zealand are the only highly developed independent nations in the region, although the economy of Australia is by far the largest and most dominant economy in the region and one of the largest in the world. [114] Chile's government have occasionally considered them to be within Oceania along with Easter Island. Fishing provides a major industry for many of the smaller nations in the Pacific, although many fishing areas are exploited by other larger countries, namely Japan. Oceania is a region of migrants: there were an estimated 9.1 million migrants amongst the region's 41.8 million people as of mid-year 2020 ( UN DESA, 2020 ). Thehighest mountainon the continent is located in New Guinea and isMount Jaya at 4,884 meters above sea level. Chapter 15 - The Americas and Oceania, 1000 to 1500 Outline. [227], Oceanian islands are of four basic types: continental islands, high islands, coral reefs and uplifted coral platforms. What Is The Population Of Oceania. The number of its inhabitants is approximately 34,300,000(according to the 2010 census), a figure that is increasing due to the substantial difference in the birth rate (21%) and death rate (9%). [447] It has a large following in Papua New Guinea, where it is the second most popular sport after Rugby League. iii. [244] The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands were formed c. 7 to 30 million years ago, as shield volcanoes over the same volcanic hotspot that formed the Emperor Seamounts to the north and the Main Hawaiian Islands to the south. [395][396] Since the mid-20th century, American popular culture has strongly influenced Australia, particularly through television and cinema. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Parliament of Fiji. In 2005, the World Bank praised New Zealand as the most business-friendly country in the world. On the other hand, the highest mountain in continental Oceania is Kosciuszko with 2,228 meters above sea level. Many scholars now replace those categories with Green's terms since the early 1990s, but the old categories are still used in science, popular culture and general usage. The flora of Fiji, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia is tropical dry forest, with tropical vegetation that includes palm trees, premna protrusa, psydrax odorata, gyrocarpus americanus, and derris trifoliata. Since 1788, the primary influence behind Australian culture has been Anglo-Celtic Western culture, with some Indigenous influences. cosmosmagazine.com - By any measure, Victoria has the highest COVID-19 mortality in Australia - in raw numbers, by case fatality and by population. [78] In 1887, the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland referred to Australia as the area's westernmost land,[79] while in 1870, British Reverend Alexander Mackay identified the Bonin Islands as its northernmost point, and Macquarie Island as its southernmost point. Oceania is of all the least populated continent, with the exception of Antarctica . United States Naval Institute, For the Japanese designator of Oahu. Sources: Ethnologue, ISO Country Names (ISO 3166-1), ISO Languages Names (ISO 639-1), CIA World Factbook and others. World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision. Australasia: Australia: 24 million, Canberra New Zealand: 5 million, Wellington A more popular and practical definition excludes Indonesia, East Malaysia (Borneo), the Philippines, Taiwan, Japan and other islands closely related to the Asian mainland, as well as the Aleutians and the small island groups situated near the Americas. This is an increase of 1.56 % (683,190 people) compared to population of 43,733,573 the year before. New Caledonia, Hawaii, and French Polynesia are highly developed too but are not sovereign states. These divisions [are] generally themselves spoken as continents, and to them has been added another, embracing the large island of Australia and numerous others in the [Pacific] Ocean, under the name of Oceania. A decentralized chieftain-based system eventually evolved into a more centralized economic and religious culture centered on Yap and Pohnpei. Native Hawaiians had neither metal nor woven cloth. The population of Oceania ranges between 2.8 and 3.4 inhabitants per square kilometer. [29] John Eperjesi's 2005 book The Imperialist Imaginary: Visions of Asia and the Pacific in American Culture says that it has "been used by western cartographers since the mid-19th century to give order to the complexities of the Pacific area. [74], French writer Gustave d'Eichthal remarked in 1844 that, "the boundaries of Oceania are in reality those of the great ocean itself. [453][454][455] Like Australia, the Micronesian dependent territories of Guam and Northern Mariana Islands currently compete in the AFC instead of the OFC. Related to these concepts are Near Oceania, that part of western Island Melanesia which has been inhabited for tens of millennia, and Remote Oceania which is more recently settled. These islands lie on the Antarctic Plate and are also thought of as being in Antarctica or no region at all, due to their extreme geographical isolation. The King is represented in Australia by the Governor-General at the federal level and by the Governors at the state level, who by convention act on the advice of his ministers. Description . World Population: Total World Population as of July 1 of the year indicated. A minority percentage of the population practices traditional religions. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian birds, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia. What is the population of Oceania? By their definition, Near Oceania consists of New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands, with the exception of Santa Cruz Islands. It should be remarked that if we take the Malay archipelago away from Oceania, as do generally the German geographers, the insular world contained in the great ocean is cut in two, and the least populated of the five parts of the world is diminished in order to increase the number of inhabitants of the most densely populated continent. Islands in Indonesia's North Maluku and North Sulawesi regions are considered to border the open Pacific Ocean, with the rest of the Indonesian islands being located in marginal seas of the Pacific, or the Indian Ocean. Some experts insist that Oceania encompasses even the cold Aleutian Islands and the islands of Japan. Many animals of Oceania have become true symbols of the continent. I. Oceania. Their definition does not include all of Australia's external territories, but is otherwise the same as the UN's definition, and is also used for statistical purposes. [405] The first settlers introduced British food to the continent, much of which is now considered typical Australian food, such as the Sunday roast. Trend toward larger states A. [24][25] The islands of the Malay archipelago, north of Australia, mainly lie on the continental shelf of Asia, and their inhabitants had more exposure to mainland Asian culture as a result of this closer proximity. [13], The first settlers of Australia, New Guinea, and the large islands just to the east arrived more than 60,000 years ago. [190] It is believed that the first early human migration to Australia was achieved when this landmass formed part of the Sahul continent, connected to the island of New Guinea via a land bridge. [404] Australia and New Zealand were responsible for the flat white coffee. Cocos Island and Malpelo Island were not explicitly referenced in the book, despite being areas which would fall within this range. More answers below Quora User [178][179], Norfolk Island, an external territory of Australia, was inhabited in prehistoric times by either Melanesians or Polynesians, and is geographically adjacent to the islands of Melanesia. [406][407] Multicultural immigration transformed Australian cuisine; post-World War II European migrants, particularly from the Mediterranean, helped to build a thriving Australian coffee culture, and the influence of Asian cultures has led to Australian variants of their staple foods, such as the Chinese-inspired dim sim and Chiko Roll. The Japanese were turned back at the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Kokoda Track campaign before they were finally defeated in 1945. Australia and New Zealand stand out in rugby, enjoying outstanding participation in world tournaments, in which other countries such asArgentinaparticipate . He defined Oceania as including the Malay archipelago, but not Japan or Taiwan, and noted that "its limits are somewhat indefinite. [257], In Hawaii, one endemic plant, Brighamia, now requires hand-pollination because its natural pollinator is presumed to be extinct. PRB's World Population Data Sheet is an excellent reference and data analysis tool. "[30] The Handbook of Religion (2014) states that it was "introduced by westerners" and in the 19th century helped describe "a sociopolitical reality of the islands of the southwest Pacific and Australia. [367], Tourism in Australia is an important component of the Australian economy. It should be noted thatin the Anglo-Saxon continental model this continent is called only Australia(differentiating it from the country of the same name), and the Pacific islands are not usually included in it. New Caledonia sends two representatives to the French National Assembly and two senators to the French Senate. [416] The country's diverse scenery and compact size, plus government incentives,[417] have encouraged some producers to film big budget movies in New Zealand, including Avatar, The Lord of the Rings, The Hobbit, The Chronicles of Narnia, King Kong and The Last Samurai. [248] The coastal uplands and a belt of Brigalow grasslands lie between the coast and the mountains, while inland of the dividing range are large areas of grassland. What is the population of USA? [112][143] In its periphery, Oceania's islands would sprawl 28 degrees north to the Bonin Islands in the Northern Hemisphere, and 55 degrees south to Macquarie Island in the Southern Hemisphere. Australia's per-capita GDP is higher than that of the UK, Canada, Germany, and France in terms of purchasing power parity. Despite centuries of European influence, Samoa maintains its historical customs, social and political systems, and language. The book observed that a native Polynesian language was still understood on Easter Island, unlike with the other islands, which were uninhabited when discovered by Europeans and mostly being used as prisons for convicts. For forecasted years, the U.N. medium-fertility variant is used. The poverty line is defined by people living on less than 50% of the median income. Elaboration of data by United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. "[86] In his 1876 book The Earth and Its Inhabitants: Oceanica, French geographer lise Reclus labelled Australia's flora as "one of the most characteristic on the globe", adding that "the Hawaiian archipelago also constitutes a separate vegetation zone; of all tropical insular groups it possesses the relatively largest number of endemic plants. Oceanian International Area subsection dedicated to genetics and anthropological discussions pertaining to the following countries or islands: Hawaii, Tuvalu, Walls and Futuna, Tokelau, Samoa, American Samoa, Cook Islands, Niue, French Polynesia, Pitcairn Islands, Easter Island Population growth in Australia From 1960 to 2021 the population of Australia increased from 10.28 million to 25.69 million people. [34] One study from 1884 describes Oceania as a continent, stating that South of the continent of Asia is found a large island nearly as large as the continent of Europe. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Oceania-region-Pacific-Ocean, Globalseurity.org - Oceania Military Guide, National Geographic - Australia and Oceania: Physical Geography, Oceania - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Oceania - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). The most popular usage delimits Oceania further by eliminating Indonesia, Taiwan, and the Philippines, because the peoples and cultures of those islands are more closely related historically to the Asian mainland. CSIRO Publishing. Todd defined the oceanic Bonin Islands as making up a Japanese language segment of Oceania, and excluded the main Japanese archipelago. Establishing a chronological timeframe for these pieces in most cases is difficult, but one has been dated to c. 1500 BCE. The term, in its widest sense, embraces the entire insular region between Asia and the Americas. This has contributed $1 billion or more to Fiji's economy since 1995, but the Government of Fiji likely underestimates these figures due to the invisible economy inside the tourism industry. [67] This is due to their location in the center of the Pacific, their biogeography and their oceanic geology. [328][329][330], European migration to New Zealand provided a major influx following the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840. The linked map below shows the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of the islands of Oceania and neighbouring areas, as a guide to the following table (there are few land boundaries that can be drawn on a map of the Pacific at this scale). Bullen added that, "Asia, Europe and the Maritime Continent are not literal geographic continents. The population of the Oceania continent is projected to increase from 42.7 million in 2020 to 57.4 million in 2050. English. Two countries are on the list of the world's top 50 fastest-growing nations. [168] Australia, New Zealand and the islands of Melanesia are more commonly grouped together as part of the Australasian biogeographical realm. Contact between Austronesian and Papuan resulted in several instances in mixed languages such as Maisin. The information shown follows sources in cross-referenced articles; where sources differ, provisos have been clearly indicated. Almost 13,000 Portuguese immigrants had arrived by 1899; they also worked on the sugarcane plantations. [381], New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy,[382] although its constitution is not codified. [69] Hawaii had not yet become a U.S. state in 1947, and as such was part of the original UN definition of Oceania. [165] Conversely, New Caledonia has still had a similar history to the rest of Melanesia, and their French-speaking Europeans make up only 27% of the total population. [195], Micronesia began to be settled several millennia ago, although there are competing theories about the origin and arrival of the first settlers. Chart and table of Australia population from 1950 to 2023. Source: UN (World Population Prospects 2019) Date: 23 Aug 2021: Top Statistics Olympics Medal Table 2020. New #sharkscience by @FloriaanDD and authors conduct the first #global assessment of population structure of the #bullshark To learn more-> 28 Feb 2023 04:01:34 Australian forces attacked German New Guinea in September 1914. In 1842, Tahiti and Tahuata were declared a French protectorate, to allow Catholic missionaries to work undisturbed. 1. Willem Janszoon, made the first completely documented European landing in Australia (1606), in Cape York Peninsula. Estimated Population 2020-2050 Estimated Population Estimated Median Age Estimated Urban / Rural Oceania demographics 2022 [360] Agriculture accounts for 18% of gross domestic product, although it employed some 70% of the workforce as of 2001. [335] As of 2015[update], a large proportion of Hawaii's population have Asian ancestry especially Filipino, Japanese, Korean and Chinese. [38] The Oxford Handbook of World History (2011) describes the areas encompassed in Oceania as being "afterthoughts in world history texts, lumped together and included at the end of global surveys as areas largely marginal to the main events of world history". If you are a dynamic individual seeking a new career opportunity, read further The Programme in Health Services and Systems Research (HSSR) at the Medical School in Singapore invites applications from outstanding candidates. Vanuatu is widely recognised as one of the premier vacation destinations for scuba divers wishing to explore coral reefs of the South Pacific region. "[143] In his 1993 book A New Oceania: Rediscovering Our Sea of Islands, New Guinea-born Fijian scholar Epeli Hauofa wrote that, "Pacific Ocean islands from Japan, through the Philippines and Indonesia, which are adjacent to the Asian mainland, do not have oceanic cultures, and are therefore not part of Oceania. [67] The UN's definition of this subregion also includes Australia's Indian Ocean external territories of Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands. [59], Islands at the geographic extremes of Oceania are generally considered to be the Bonin Islands, a politically integral part of Japan; Hawaii, a state of the United States; Clipperton Island, a possession of France; the Juan Fernndez Islands, belonging to Chile; and Macquarie Island, belonging to Australia. [316] Another one in Tuvalu belongs to the same sect. The Gilbert Islands (now known as Kiribati) and the Ellice Islands (now known as Tuvalu) came under Britain's sphere of influence in the late 19th century. The rocks that now form the continent of Zealandia were nestled between Eastern Australia and Western Antarctica.[243]. Auckland and Wellington are frequently ranked among the world's most liveable cities, with Auckland being ranked first in the world according to the Global Liveability Ranking. [64][123] Archaeological evidence suggests that Micronesians may have lived on the Bonin Islands c.2,000 years ago, but they were uninhabited at the time of European discovery in the 16th century. The Samoan word for dance is siva, which consists of unique gentle movements of the body in time to music and which tell a story. [433] Hawaiian art includes wood carvings, feather work, petroglyphs, bark cloth (called kapa in Hawaiian and tapa elsewhere in the Pacific), and tattoos. Best Countries to Visit in Oceania. [266] Birds breeding on Pitcairn include the fairy tern, common noddy, and red-tailed tropicbird. Noted that `` its limits are somewhat indefinite between Austronesian and Papuan resulted in several instances in mixed languages as... Fairy tern, common noddy, and noted that `` its limits are indefinite... Not explicitly referenced in the World & # x27 ; s top 50 fastest-growing nations political. 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